The Second Bulgarian Empire was a medieval Bulgarian state which existed between 1185 and 1396 (or 1422). tjupavl . The most significant meaning was that he was Emperor of the whole Bulgarian people, even to those beyond the borders of the Empire. The legislative and executive powers were concentrated in his hands. If the heir of the ruler was under age, the regency was headed by the mother-Empress.
The Bolyar Counsel , called also Sinklit included the Great Bolyars and the Patriarch. Their task was to discuss important questions about the external and internal policy such as declaration of war, formation of alliance or signing peace. The last word always belonged to the Emperor. Sometimes Counsels with extended members were assembled, where the nobility, the clergy and "the other people" usually gathered to discuss condemnation of heresies Синодник царя Борила : 1211, 1350, 1360. The only right the ordinary people had was to approve the decisions made by the nobility.
The main administrative unit in 13-14th centuries was hora (хорá) which replaced the komitat from the First Bulgarian Empire. Its governor was called Duke (Kefaliya) and was usually appointed by the Emperor; the hora was further divided into katepanikons (borrowed by Byzantium) which were ruled by Katepans, who were directly subordinated to the Dukes Ангелов .
- second bulgarian empire - Economy
- (Picture) Contemporary mural portrait of Ivan Alexander from the Rock-hewn Churches of Ivanovo
- second bulgarian empire - Culture
- Picture of A fresco depicting St. Nicholas
- second bulgarian empire - See also
- second bulgarian empire - Footnotes
- second bulgarian empire - References
- second bulgarian empire - References
- second bulgarian empire - Background
- The Byzantines ruled Bulgaria from 1018, when they conquered the First Bulgarian Empire, to 1185, although initially it was not fully integrated into the Byzantine Empire, for example preserving the existing tax levels and the power of the low-ranking nobility. The independent Bulgarian Orthodox Church was subordinated to the authority of the Ecumenical Patriarch in Constantinople, and the Bulgarian aristocracy and tsar's relatives were given various Byzantine titles and transferred to the Asian parts of the Empire. There were rebellions against Byzantine rule in 1040-41, the 1070s and the 1080s, but these failed.
- second bulgarian empire - Liberation
- (Picture) Tarnovo, capital of Bulgaria (1185–1396)
- second bulgarian empire - European power
- Picture of Frescoes from the Boyana Church (1259): Desislava
- second bulgarian empire - Decline
- Picture of Constantine Tikh, emperor of Bulgaria (1257–1277)
- second bulgarian empire - Administration
- The supreme power in the country belonged to the Emperor. His official title was: " In Christ God faithful Emperor and Autocrat of all Bulgarians " which often included "Greeks"
[Мрачка грамота, Рилска грамота, Витошка грамота]
- second bulgarian empire - Related topics