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• "OSZK" - OSZK.
• "EB" - Hungary, Encyclopædia Britannica
• 1 - Theophanes,Op. cit., p. 356-357
• 2 - Nominalia of the Bulgarian khans
• 3 - John of Nikiû, ''Chronicle''
• _ Patriarch Nikephoros I of Constantinople_ - Patriarch Nikephoros I of Constantinople, Historia syntomos, breviarium
• Rasho Rashev - Rasho Rashev, Die Protobulgaren im 5.-7. Jahrhundert , Orbel, Sofia, 2005 (in Bulgarian, German summary)
• 4 - Patriarch Nikephoros I of Constantinople, Historia syntomos, breviarium